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TRAVEL TO LAtin America Conversation Cheat Sheet MONEY & SHOPPING Is there an ATM nearby ?
ten thousand
one thousand
five hundred
diez mil
mil
quinientos
two hundred
one hundred
fifty
cien
cincuenta
¿Hay algún cajero cerca?
How much is ~ ? ¿Cuánto cuesta ~?
Peruvian sol Bolivian boliviano sol
boliviano
doscientos
Costa Rican colón
Peso is the national currency of many countries, including ,Mexico, Argentina Dominican Republic, Chile, Colombia, Cuba and Uruguay
Peso peso
colón
AROUND TOWN Where is ~ ? ¿Dónde está ~?
I’d like to go to ~ Me gustaría ir a ~
。
the square
the church
the beach
la plaza
la iglesia
la playa
the park
the desert
the pyramid
el parque
el desierto
la pirámide
SURVIVAL PHRASES Please take me to~ Por favor, lléveme a ~
Where is the station? ¿Dónde está la estación?
Where is the restroom? ¿Dónde está el baño?
COMMUNICATION Hello. Hola.
Excuse me.
I’m sorry.
Excuse me.
Perdón.
Lo siento.
Perdón.
Hello.
Hola.
Nice to meet you.
Please.
Encantado de conocerle.
Yes.
Por favor.
Sí.
Encantado en conocerte.
Thank you.
I am ~
No.
Gracias.
Soy ~
No.
ASKING QUESTIONS Do you understand?
I understand.
¿Entiende?
I don’t understand.
Entiendo.
I don’t understand.
No entiendo.
No entiendo.
¿Entiendes?
Do you speak English?
No I don’t.
Yes, I do.
¿Habla inglés?
No, no lo hablo.
Sí, lo hablo.
Can you eat this?
No, I can’t eat it.
Of course.
¿Puede comer esto?
No, no puedo comerlo.
Por supuesto.
ORDERING FOOD ~ please. ~ por favor.
tamale
barbecue
ceviche
empanada
tamal
asado
cebiche
empanada
sauce
potato
cassava
corn
salsa
papa
yuca
maíz
What do you recommend? ¿Qué recomienda?
COUNTERS 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
un, uno, una
dos
tres
cuatro
cinco
seis
siete
ocho
nueve
diez
~ please. ~ por favor.
LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #1 National Holidays
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
# COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
1
SPANISH 1.
What are the five most popular Peruvian National Holidays?
2.
1. Navidad
3.
2. Año nuevo
4.
3. Día de la Independecia de Perú
5.
4. Santa Rosa de Lima
6.
5. Domingo Santo
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five most popular Peruvian National Holidays?
2.
1. Christmas
3.
2. New Year
4.
3. Peruvian Independence day
5.
4. Rose of Lima
6.
5. Easter
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Santa Rosa de Lima Día de la Independecia de
Rose of Lima
Peruvian
noun
noun
Perú
Independence day
Año nuevo
New Year
noun
Domingo Santo
Easter
noun
Navidad
Christmas
noun
feminine
SAMPLE SENTENCES En el día de Santa Rosa de Lima,
Por el día de la independencia del
muchas familias visitan al convento
Perú, los colegios organizan
donde vivió.
desfiles escolares en señal de
"On the day of Rose of Lima, many
patriotismo.
families visit the convent where she
"On Peruvian independence day,
lived."
schools organize school parades as a sign of patriotism."
Muchas personas viajan a las
Es tradición regalar huevos de
playas de Perú para festejar el año
chocolate a los niños en domingo
nuevo.
santo.
"Many people travel to the beaches
"It’s tradition to give chocolate eggs
of Peru to celebrate the new year."
to children on Easter day."
El sonido de los fuegos artificiales
En navidad nosotros cantamos
en Navidad puede durar hasta una
villancicos.
hora.
"At Christmas we sing Christmas
"The sound of fireworks in
carols."
Christmas can last up to one hour."
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CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. Christmas
Peruvian families gather and wait until midnight to uncover the manger scene with the baby Jesus and then open presents under the Christmas tree. But before that, Peruvian people will usually have turkey with potato salad and Arabic rice for Christmas dinner. 2. New Year
Peruvian people have some traditional customs for New Year's like wearing yellow underwear, eating twelve grapes at midnight, and running around a street block with suitcases! All of these are just for good luck and fun. Peruvian people also enjoy toasting to fireworks at midnight. 3. Peruvian Independence day
During the independence festivities all houses are required to put up a Peruvian flag on the roof and students must wear a Peruvian cockade in school. Parades are also popular around this time of year. 4. Rose of Lima
This national holiday celebrated on August 30th commemorates the life and miracles of the first canonized saint in the Americas: Saint Rose of Lima. On this day Peruvian people visit the convent where she lived and throw money and wishes written on paper into a well on the convent patio. 5. Easter
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At Easter, families usually go to church together. Peruvian kids prepare an egg basket the day before Easter and leave it someplace where the Easter bunny can find it. The next morning, they find their baskets full of chocolate eggs.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #2 Foods
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
# COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
2
SPANISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian foods?
2.
1. ceviche
3.
2. pachamanca
4.
3. trucha frita
5.
4. anticucho
6.
5. pollo a la brasa
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian foods?
2.
1. Ceviche
3.
2. Pachamanca, a meat dish marinated in spices
4.
3. Fried trout
5.
4. Anticucho, small pieces of grilled skewered meat on wooden sticks
6.
5. Peruvian chicken
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ceviche pachamanca
ceviche pachamanca, a meat dish
noun
marinated in spices
noun
fried trout
noun
trucha frita
anticucho, small pieces of anticucho
grilled skewered meat on
pollo a la brasa
Peruvian chicken
wooden sticks
noun noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES En los mercados populares puedes
Para comer pachamanca es mejor
encontrar ambulantes vendiendo
ir a un restaurante campestre.
ceviche en vaso.
"It’s better to go to a restaurant in
"In popular markets you can find
the countryside for pachamanca."
street vendors selling ceviche in disposable cups." La trucha frita es un plato típico de
Los anticuchos saben mejor si los
Huancayo.
acompañas con salsa chimichurri.
"The fried trout is a typical dish from
"Anticucho tastes better if you eat it
Huancayo."
with chimichurri sauce."
El pollo a la brasa es el plato mas comido en Lima la capital del Perú. "The Peruvian chicken is the most eaten dish in Peru's capital Lima."
CULTURAL INSIGHT 1.
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Ceviche
Ceviche is raw fish cooked with lemon, sliced onions, chili peppers, and salt accompanied with Peruvian corn and sweet potato. It's very popular in summer and it's also served at all beach restaurants. Usually if you want to eat ceviche you would have to go to a cevicheria which is the name for Peruvian seafood restaurants.
2. Pachamanca, a meat dish marinated in spices
Pachamanca is a dish from the highlands of Peru with meat such as lamb, mutton, pork, chicken, or guinea pig marinated in spices. It's served with potato, sweet potato, sweet tamales, habas, and corn. All of this is baked in a hole in the ground with hot stones for a couple of hours. Nowadays, restaurants have special ground holes made of bricks. 3. Fried trout
Fried trout is a dish traditionally from the highlands of Peru. It consists of an entire fried trout with potato. It's usually found in restaurants near fish farms. Trout is the most popular fish in Peruvian hatcheries. 4. Anticucho, small pieces of grilled skewered meat on wooden sticks
Anticucho are small pieces of grilled skewered meat on wooden sticks. They're usually cheap and found in street carts at night. They come in pairs with potato slices. Nowadays, restaurants specialize in anticuchos but they don't compare to those of the street carts. 5. Peruvian chicken
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Peruvian chicken is the most popular Peruvian dish among Peruvians. It's basically just marinated chicken in Peruvian ingredients baked in hot ashes in an oven where the chicken rotates. It's served with french fries and salad. The only restaurants specializing in this are called pollería.
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CULT URE CLAS S : ES S ENT I AL PERUVI AN S PANI S H VOCABULARY #2 - FOODS
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #3 Beverages
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
# COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
3
SPANISH 1.
What are five popular Peruvian beverages?
2.
1.Inca Kola
3.
2.chicha morada
4.
3.mate de coca
5.
4.jugo de maracuyá
6.
5.Pisco
ENGLISH 1.
What are five popular Peruvian beverages?
2.
1.Inca Kola
3.
2.chicha morada
4.
3.coca tea
5.
4.maracuya juice
6.
5.Pisco
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jugo de maracuyá
maracuya juice
noun
chicha morada
chicha morada
noun
Pisco
Pisco
noun
Inca Kola
Inca Kola
noun
mate de coca
coca tea
noun phrase
SAMPLE SENTENCES Tomar mucho jugo de maracuyá,
Preparar chicha morada es muy
puede ser dañino para personas
barato y rendidor.
con presión baja.
"Preparing chicha morada is very
"Drinking too much maracuya juice
cheap and productive."
can be harmful for people with low blood pressure." El día del Pisco se celebra el cuarto
Para muchos extranjeros la Inca
domingo del mes de julio.
Kola tiene sabor a chicle.
“Pisco Day is celebrated on the
"For many foreigners, Inca Kola
fourth Sunday of July.”
tastes like bubblegum."
Si viajas a la sierra del Perú,
¿Te podría ofrecer un mate de
encontrarás mate de coca en todos
coca?
lados.
"Could I offer you a coca tea?"
"If you travel to the highlands of Peru you will find coca tea everywhere."
CULTURAL INSIGHT
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1. Inca Kola
Inca Kola is a yellow soda made of lemon verbena and the number one soft drink in the country. Inca Kola is a symbol of national pride and patriotism in Peru. 2. Chicha morada
Chicha morada is a traditional homemade juice made with boiling purple corn, pineapple, cinnamon, clove, and sugar. The invention of this juice dates back to before the Inca Empire.
3. Coca tea
Coca tea is made from the leaves of the coca plant and has been commonly consumed in the highlands of Peru for ages. It's famously used for altitude sickness as well as a stimulant. You can find coca leaves or tea bags in supermarkets. 4. Maracuya juice
Maracuya juice is homemade juice made from the passion fruit, maracuyá. It's refreshing, nutritional, and cheap. This juice is commonly consumed in the summer time.
5. Pisco
Pisco is an alcoholic drink made from the distillation of certain grapes. It's only produced in some coastal cities of Peru and it's been declared a representative product of the country. Nowadays, there is dispute among Peru and Chile regarding to whom it belongs.
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CULT URE CLAS S : ES S ENT I AL PERUVI AN S PANI S H VOCABULARY #3 - BEVERAGES
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #4 Popular Home-cooked Meals
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
# COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
4
SPANISH 1.
What are five popular Peruvian home-cooked meals?
2.
1.Arroz con pollo
3.
2.Arroz con lentejas
4.
3.Arroz chaufa
5.
4.Ají de gallina
6.
5.Lomo saltado
ENGLISH 1.
What are five popular Peruvian home-cooked meals?
2.
1. Rice with chicken
3.
2. Rice with lentils
4.
3. Fried rice
5.
4. Shredded chicken in a creamy, spicy yellow sauce
6.
5. Lomo saltado
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arroz con pollo
rice with chicken
noun
arroz con lentejas
rice with lentils
noun
arroz chaufa
fried rice
noun
shredded chicken in a
ají de gallina
creamy, spicy yellow sauce
noun
lomo saltado, or fried onions, tomatoes, strips of
lomo saltado
meat, and spices
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES El arroz con pollo es el plato de
A veces, el arroz con lentejas es
casa mas común.
acompañado con un filete de
"Chicken and rice is the most common home-cooked meal."
bisteck o carne molida. "Sometimes, rice with lentils is accompanied by beefsteak or ground beef."
Es muy popular que se prepare
El ají de gallina es un poco tedioso
arroz chaufa de hot dog en casa.
de preparar, ya que el pollo es
"It’s very popular to prepare fried rice with hot dogs at home."
deshilachado a mano. "Ají de gallina is a bit tedious to prepare because the chicken is shredded by hand."
Usualmente las familias compran las papas fritas ya hechas en restaurantes cercanos para agregarle al lomo saltado. "Families usually buy ready-made fries in nearby restaurants to add to lomo saltado."
CULTURAL INSIGHT S PANI S HPOD101.COM
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1. Arroz con pollo
Rice and chicken is a well-known meal all over Latin America. In Peru, it's cooked all together in a big pot and mixed with small square carrots and peas. It can be yellow or green depending on the spices used, and it's usually accompanied with a side dish of potatoes with a cheese sauce. 2. Arroz con lentejas
In Peruvian homes it's tradition to eat rice and lentils every Monday because of an old saying that goes, "Eating lentils at the beginning of the week will give you good fortune and luck." This tradition is called "Mondays of lentils." 3. Arroz chaufa
Fried rice is part of Chinese-Peruvian cuisine, nowadays popular in homes. It's a mix of fried rice with vegetables, egg, meat, soy sauce, and oil. In Peruvian homes, it usually has hot dog slices instead of meat or sometimes both. 4. Ají de gallina
This dish is shredded chicken in a creamy, spicy yellow sauce made from yellow chilli, milk, cheese and bread, and popular at house parties. 5. Lomo saltado
Lomo saltado consists of fried onions, tomatoes, strips of meat, and spices. It's usually served with rice and French fries. There are some variations and cheaper options of this
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home-cooked meal where you can use chicken or canned tuna.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #5 Sweets and Desserts
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 4
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
# COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
5
SPANISH 1.
What are five popular Peruvian sweets and desserts?
2.
1.arroz con leche
3.
2.mazamorra morada
4.
3.picarón
5.
4.suspiro a la limeña
6.
5.turrón de Doña Pepa
ENGLISH 1.
What are five popular Peruvian sweets and desserts?
2.
1. Rice pudding
3.
2. Purple pudding
4.
3. Picarón
5.
4. Sigh of a Lima woman
6.
5. Turrón de Doña Pepa, a traditional Peruvian sweet
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mazamorra morada
purple pudding
noun
picarón
picarón
noun
sigh of a Lima
suspiro a la limeña
woman
noun
turrón de Doña turrón de Doña Pepa
Pepa, a traditional
arroz con leche
rice pudding
Peruvian sweet
noun noun
masculine
SAMPLE SENTENCES La mazamorra morada sabe mucho
Por lo general, el picarón es
mejor, combinandola con el arroz
preparado al instante por señoras
con leche.
en la calle.
"Purple pudding tastes much better
"Usually, picarón is instantly
when combined with rice pudding."
prepared by ladies on the street."
El suspiro a la limeña es llamado asi
En el mes de Octubre, todas la
porque es suave y dulce como el
tiendas y supermercados ofrecen
suspiro de una mujer.
ofertas y degustaciones de turrón
"It’s called ‘the sigh of a Lima
de Doña Pepa.
woman’ because it’s soft and sweet
"In the month of October, all shops
like the sigh of a woman."
and supermarkets offer specials and taste-testing of turrón de Doña Pepa."
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El arroz con leche es un postre preparado generalmente por las abuelitas.
Me gusta comer arroz con leche. "I like to eat rice pudding."
"Rice pudding is a dessert usually prepared by grandmothers."
CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. Arroz con leche
Rice pudding is a home-cooked dessert popularly made by grandmas. Nowadays, street carts specialize in selling rice pudding and purple pudding. 2. Mazamorra morada
Purple pudding is made of purple corn and is a commonly served dessert at children's parties. 3. Picarón
Picarón is made of wheat flour, squash, and sweet potato. It's in doughnut form and covered in brown sugar syrup. 4. Suspiro a la limeña
This dessert is made of manjar balanco, a sweetened milk sauce, and meringue. It's mainly consumed in Lima and is known for being very sweet.
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5. Turrón de Doña Pepa
This dessert is made of sticks of flour topped with brown sugar syrup and decorated with dragees and candies. It's a traditional dessert of October related to the religious celebrations of the Lord of Miracles.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #6 Fruits
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
# COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
6
SPANISH 1.
What are five common Peruvian fruits?
2.
1.maracuyá
3.
2.lúcuma
4.
3.guanábana
5.
4.granadilla
6.
5.mango
ENGLISH 1.
What are five common Peruvian fruits?
2.
1. maracuya
3.
2. lucuma
4.
3. soursop
5.
4. sweet granadilla
6.
5. mango
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maracuyá
maracuya
noun
lúcuma
lucuma
noun
guanábana
soursop
noun
granadilla
sweet granadilla
noun
mango
mango
noun
masculine
SAMPLE SENTENCES El pastel de queso de maracuyá es
El helado de lúcuma es el sabor de
muy delicioso.
helado mas popular en la época de verano.
"Maracuya cheesecake is very delicious."
"The lucuma ice cream is the most popular flavor of the summer season."
El yogurt de guanábana ha sido
La granadilla tiene una cáscara
muy popular en los ultimos años.
fuerte de color naranja.
"Soursop yogurt has been very
"The sweet granadilla has a strong
popular over the last few years."
orange-colored skin."
Comer mango helado en verano es muy refrescante. "Eating a frozen mango in summer is very refreshing."
CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. Maracuyá
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Maracuya is a passionfruit with an exquisite flavor that's both sweet and sour, and it's usually used in making juice and desserts. 2. Lúcuma
Lucuma is a native fruit of Peru, used in pudding, cake, and ice cream. Normally you can find it in supermarkets as a powder, since the fruit itself is not commonly eaten. 3. Guanábana
Soursop is very similar to and sometimes confused with the cherimoya. Peruvian people eat soursop pulp fresh and also enjoy it in juice, jam, and yogurt. 4. Granadilla
Sweet granadilla is a passion fruit with a hard orange shell, and pulp full of small, hard, black seeds surrounded by a transparent gelatinous sphere. 5. Mango
Mango is a popular fruit in Peru and is usually eaten fresh, but Peruvian people also have it in ice cream and juice.
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CULT URE CLAS S : ES S ENT I AL PERUVI AN S PANI S H VOCABULARY #6 - FRUI T S
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #7 Vegetables
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
# COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
7
SPANISH 1.
What are the five common Peruvian vegetables?
2.
1.papa
3.
2.maíz morado
4.
3.betarraga
5.
4.yuca
6.
5.camote
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five common Peruvian vegetables?
2.
1.potato
3.
2.purple corn
4.
3.beet
5.
4.cassava
6.
5.sweet potato
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camote
sweet potato
noun
maíz morado
purple corn
noun
yuca
cassava
papa
potato
noun
betarraga
beet
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES Comer camote es bueno para un
El maíz morado es rico en
cabello fuerte y brillante.
antioxidantes.
"Eating sweet potato is good for
"Purple corn is rich in antioxidants."
helping you get strong, shiny hair." Consumir yuca ayuda a desarrollar
Quiero comer yuca frita para el
una buena visión.
almuerzo.
"Consuming cassava helps you to
"I want to eat fried cassava for
develop good vision."
lunch."
En el Perú, existen más de tres mil
A mí me gusta la carne con papas.
tipos de papa.
"I like meat with potatoes."
"In Peru, more than three thousand types of potatoes exist." La ensalada 'rusa' en Perú lleva betarraga. "Olivier salad in Peru contains beets."
CULTURAL INSIGHT
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1. Papa
Potato has been the main food in Peru since before the Inca Empire. Almost all dishes in Peru include potato. 2. Maíz morado
Purple corn looks exactly like regular corn, but it's purple. It's used only to make juice and desserts at home. 3. Betarraga
Peruvian people eat beets mostly in salads and sometimes they have it in juice. 4. Yuca
Cassava is very traditional to some parts of Peru, especially in the highlands. It's used in traditional dishes as well as in masato, which is a traditional alcoholic beverage. 5. Camote
Peruvian sweet potato is orange and very sweet. Peruvian people sometimes add sugar to it when they eat it, even though it's already so sweet.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #8 Pop and Traditional Culture
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
# COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
8
SPANISH 1.
What are the five most popular aspects of Peruvian pop and traditional culture?
2.
1.chocolatada
3.
2.pollada
4.
3.carnavales
5.
4.yunza
6.
5.El Señor de los Milagros
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five most popular aspects of Peruvian pop and traditional culture?
2.
1.hot chocolate party
3.
2.chicken party
4.
3.carnival
5.
4.yunza
6.
5.Lord of Miracles
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chocolatada
hot chocolate party
noun
pollada
chicken party
noun
carnavales
carnival
noun
yunza
yunza
noun
El Señor de los Milagros
Lord of Miracles
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES No hay chocolatada sin panetón. "It is not a chocolate party without panettone."
Las polladas son mayormente asistidas por personas mayores y no jovénes. "It’s mostly seniors who attend chicken parties; not young people."
Hay que tener cuidado cuando se
Generalmente se baila huayno,
camina por las calles en carnavales
baile tradicional del Perú, alrededor
porque puedes terminar empapado.
de la yunza.
"Beware when walking down the
"Usually huayno, a traditional
street during carnival season,
Peruvian dance, is performed
because you might end up getting
around the yunza."
wet." Es tradición para muchas familias acudir a la procesión del Señor de los Milagros. "It’s a tradition for many families to attend the procession of the Lord of Miracles."
CULTURAL INSIGHT
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1. Chocolatada
Chocolatada is a hot chocolate party where groups of people in Peru gather to drink hot chocolate and eat panettone, Italian fruitcake, during the Christmas season. It's celebrated in schools and in any type of social group, and there's usually exchanging of gifts. 2. Pollada
Pollada is a type of party where Peruvians raise money for a special cause. It's named a "chicken party" because chicken is the main dish. This way, neighbors can get together to dance and drink, while all proceeds go to help someone in need. 3. Carnavales
Carnival season in Peru is in February. It's celebrated throughout the entire month, and you have to watch out for kids playing in the streets because they might throw water balloons at you. Also carnival parties for young people are held everywhere. At these parties people paint on each other with colorful paints. 4. Yunza
Yunza is a tree from the highlands of Peru traditionally seen at carnival festivities, though it can be used to celebrate anything. At carnivals, people dance in pairs around a tree while they try to cut it in turns, passing an ax around. The tree is usually decorated with hanging presents which the dancing people will collect once they finally cut it down. 5. El Señor de los Milagros
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The Lord of the Miracles is a religious festivity celebrated in the month of October in Lima. During this month, many people who have faith in Jesus dress in a purple tunic. On the main day, masses of people gather to follow the painted image of Jesus around the city of Lima in a huge procession.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #9 Animals
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
# COPYRIGHT © 2016 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
9
SPANISH 1.
What are the five common Peruvian animals?
2.
1.alpaca
3.
2.cóndor andino
4.
3.cuy
5.
4.llama
6.
5.paiche
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five common Peruvian animals?
2.
1.alpaca
3.
2.Andean Condor
4.
3.guinea pig
5.
4.llama
6.
5.paiche
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cóndor andino (Peruvian)
Andean Condor
noun
llama (Peruvian)
llama
noun
paiche (Peruvian)
paiche
noun
alpaca (Peruvian)
alpaca
noun
cuy (Peruvian)
guinea pig
noun
feminine
SAMPLE SENTENCES El cóndor andino es una especie en
La llama es patrimonio cultural en
peligro de extinción.
Perú.
"The Andean Condor is an
"The llama is a cultural heritage in
endangered species."
Peru."
La llama es uno de los animales
El paiche es el segundo pez de
más conocidos del Perú.
agua dulce mas grande del mundo.
"The llama is one of the best known
"The paiche is the second largest
animals of Peru."
tropical fish in the world."
La 'alpaca bebe' es la mejor calidad
Muchas personas de la sierra crían
de tela de alpaca.
sus cuyes en la cocina.
"The ‘alpaca baby’ has the best
"Many people of the highlands
quality of alpaca wool."
breed their guinea pigs in the kitchen."
La primera vez que comí cuy fue en la casa de mi amiga. "The first time I ate guinea pig was at my friend's house."
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1. Alpaca
Alpacas are camelids of the highlands of Peru, similar to llamas but smaller, and are bred for their meat and wool. Their wool is similar to sheep wool, but warmer. 2. Cóndor andino
The Andean Condor is a large, black vulture with white feathers around its neck and a featherless head. It lives in the highlands of Peru and plays an important role in the folklore and mythology of Peru. 3. Cuy
The guinea pig in Peru is bred for its meat. It's a traditional meat of the highlands of Peru. 4. Llama
Llamas are camelids of the highlands that are raised for their meat and used as pack animals. They are represented in paintings and ceramics of the ancient Peruvians as domestic animals. 5. Paiche
Paiche is a tropical fish of the Amazon River. It's popular because of its white meat and big size.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #10 Plants
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
#
10
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
SPANISH 1.
What are the five common Peruvian plants?
2.
1. uña de gato
3.
2. coca
4.
3. maca
5.
4. quinua
6.
5. Camu camu
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five common Peruvian plants?
2.
1. cat's claw
3.
2. coca
4.
3. maca
5.
4. Quinoa
6.
5. Camu camu
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uña de gato
cat's claw
noun
coca
coca
noun
maca
maca
noun
quinua
Quinoa
noun
Camu camu
Camu camu
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES En los ultimos años se ha
Estudios indican que la hoja de
descubierto que la uña de gato
coca es rica en vitaminas y
ayuda a curar enfermedades como
minerales, sobre todo en potasio.
el cáncer, úlceras, infecciones y artritis.
"Studies indicate that coca leaves are rich in vitamins and minerals,
"In recent years it has been
particularly potassium."
discovered that a cat's claw helps to cure diseases and conditions like cancer, ulcers, infections, and arthritis." Se dice que las raíces de la maca
La quinoa tiene altos niveles de
poseen propiedades que aumentan
magnesio lo cual ayuda a relajar los
la fertilidad.
vasos sanguíneos.
"It is said that maca roots have
"Quinoa has high levels of
fertility-enhancing properties."
magnesium which help relax blood vessels."
El camu camu contiene 50 veces mas vitamina C, que las naranjas. "Camu camu cherries contain 50 times more vitamin C than oranges."
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1. Cat's claw
This is a plant of alternative medicinal use that grows in the Peruvian jungle. 2. Coca
Coca is a traditional plant of the Andes related to religious rituals of ancient Peruvians. 3. Maca
This is a native plant of the Andes of Peru, used in cooking, medicinal herbs, and as an aphrodisiac. 4. Quinoa
Quinoa is crop of the highlands of Peru and the food of ancient Peruvians. It contains high levels of proteins. 5. Camu camu
The Camu camu is a small tree of the Amazon which grows small, red, vitamin C-rich cherries.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #11 Geographical Features
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
#
11
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
SPANISH 1.
What are the five best-known Peruvian geographical features?
2.
1. Huascarán
3.
2. Islas Ballestas
4.
3. Callejón de Huaylas
5.
4. Cañón del Colca
6.
5. Meseta del Collao
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five best-known Peruvian geographical features?
2.
1. Huascarán
3.
2. Ballestas Islands
4.
3. Santa Valley
5.
4. Colca Canyon
6.
5. High plains of Collao
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Huascarán
Huascarán
noun
Islas Ballestas
Ballestas Islands
noun
Callejón de Huaylas
Santa Valley
noun
Cañón del Colca
Colca Canyon
noun
Meseta del Collao
High plains of Collao
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES El Huascarán es la montaña mas
La mayor attracción de visitar las
alta del Perú.
islas Ballestas es observar a la
"The Huascarán is the highest mountain of Peru."
inmensa cantidad de lobos marinos cubriendo las islas. "The biggest attraction of visiting the Ballestas islands is watching the great number of sea lions covering the islands."
El Callejón de Huaylas es un
El cañón del Colca es hogar del
estrecho y alargado valle en la
cóndor andino.
cordillera de los Andes. "Santa Valley is a narrow and
"Colca Canyon is the home of the Andean Condor."
elongated valley in the Andes mountain range." La meseta del Collao es donde se domesticó por primera vez a la papa y a las llamas. "The High plains of Collao is where potato and llamas were first domesticated."
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1. Huascarán
Huascarán is a mountain in the western Andes with the highest point of altitude in the country. It has two peaks, with the highest one at 6,768 meters. 2. Ballestas Islands
The Ballestas islands are small rocky islands near Paracas, in Ica province. They are important because of their marine fauna such as animals including the guano bird, bluefooted booby, Humboldt Penguins, sea lions, fur seals, and others. 3. Santa Valley
Callejón de Huaylas is an inter-Andean valley in the north-central highlands of Peru. It's located between two mountain ranges forming a unique and beautiful ecosystem with mountains, lakes, rivers, and towns. 4. Colca Canyon
The Colca Canyon is located in the province of Arequipa, and is one of the most visited places in Peru. Recent studies show that the canyon is the second deepest canyon in the world. 5. High plains of Collao
This is an extensive high plateau located at an altitude of 3,800 meters. It covers the western part of Bolivia, northern Chile, southern Peru, and northwestern Argentina. It's important because many ancient civilizations of this region started here.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #12 Cities
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
#
12
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
SPANISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian cities?
2.
1. Lima
3.
2. Trujillo
4.
3. Cusco
5.
4. Arequipa
6.
5. Huancayo
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian cities?
2.
1. Lima
3.
2. Trujillo
4.
3. Cusco
5.
4. Arequipa
6.
5. Huancayo
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Lima
Lima
noun
Trujillo
Trujillo
noun
Cusco
Cusco
noun
Arequipa
Arequipa
noun
Huancayo
Huancayo
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES Lima es el centro político,
Trujillo es popular en Perú y el
comercial, financiero y cultural del
mundo por la crianza de caballos de
país.
paso.
"Lima is the political, commercial,
"Trujillo is popular in Peru and
financial, and cultural center of the
around the world for the breeding of
country."
horses."
La ciudad de Cusco es un destino
Arequipa es una ciudad de gran
popular tanto para peruanos como
importancia histórica, social y
para extranjeros.
política.
"The city of Cusco is a popular
"Arequipa is a city of great historical,
destination for both Peruvians and
social, and political significance."
foreigners." La ciudad de Huancayo es famosa por sus criaderos de trucha. "The city of Huancayo is famous for trout farms."
CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. Lima
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Lima city is the capital and largest city of Peru with a population of 7.6 million, and is located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean. 2. Trujillo
Trujillo is the third most populated city, and is located in the northern part of Peru. Trujillo is known as the "Capital of the everlasting Spring" and is very popular for the Marinera dance. 3. Cusco
Cusco is the historic capital of the Inca Empire and a major tourist destination in Peru, because of the Machu Picchu ruins. 4. Arequipa
Arequipa is the most industrialized and the second most populous city in the country. It’s known as "the white city" and is very popular for its political force and intellectual figures. 5. Huancayo
Huancayo is a developing city of the central highlands that has grown with great importance and economical impact over the last few years. It’s the eighth most populous city in the country and it has great economical and commercial importance in the central highlands.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #13 Sports
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
#
13
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
SPANISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian sports?
2.
1. fútbol
3.
2. vóley
4.
3. tenis
5.
4. básquet
6.
5. surf
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian sports?
2.
1. soccer
3.
2. volleyball
4.
3. tennis
5.
4. basketball
6.
5. surfing
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surf
surfing
noun
básquet
basketball
noun
vóley
volleyball
noun
fútbol tenis
football (UK), soccer (US) tennis
noun
masculine
SAMPLE SENTENCES El surf es un deporte bastante
El básquet es uno de los pocos
popular en Lima.
deportes que se juega en grupos
"Surfing is a very popular sport in Lima."
mixtos de hombres y mujeres. "Basketball is one of the few sports that is played in mixed groups of men and women."
Practicar vóley es mas popular
José Paolo Guerrero es el jugador
entre mujeres que hombres.
de fútbol favorito de la selección
"Playing volleyball is more popular among women than men."
peruana de fútbol. "José Paolo Guerrero is the favorite soccer player of the Peruvian soccer team."
En los últimos años el tenis se ha reactivado, con el tenista Luis
Los jóvenes están jugando tenis. "The young men are playing tennis."
Horna. "In recent years tennis has been revived by the tennis player Luis Horna."
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CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. soccer Soccer is the most popular sport in Peru. The two major clubs with a history of rivalry are Alianza Lima and Universitario de deportes. Though in recent years other clubs have had international recognition, these two remain very popular in Peru. 2. volleyball Women’s volleyball is the second most popular sport in Peru. The Peruvian volleyball team has been recognized internationally over the years, and they are famous for their very strict team coaches. 3. tennis Around the 1950s, a Peruvian was recognized as the second best tennis player in the world. Even though tennis is not a popular sport in the country, Peruvians have gained some international recognition over the years. 4. basketball Basketball is a very popular sport played between schools in tournaments. Peruvians believe that if one practices basketball at a young age, one can gain a little extra centimeters in height. 5. surfing In 2004 and 2005, Sofía Mulánovich won the Women's World Surf Championship. After this, surfing has become more and more popular than before, and many more surfers started taking part in competitions to win championships.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #14 Recreational Activities
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Peruvian Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
#
14
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian recreational activities?
2.
1. parrillada
3.
2. domingo familiar
4.
3. ir de compras
5.
4. ir a tomar
6.
5. fulbito
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian recreational activities?
2.
1. barbecue
3.
2. family Sunday
4.
3. shopping
5.
4. going for drinks
6.
5. futsal
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ir a tomar
going for drinks
fulbito
futsal
noun
domingo familiar
family Sunday
noun
parrillada
barbecue
noun
ir de compras
shop, shopping
SAMPLE SENTENCES Barranco y Miraflores son los
Los chicos suelen jugar fulbito todos
distritos más populares para ir a
los domingos por la mañana.
tomar.
"Many boys play futsal every
"Barranco and Miraflores districts
Sunday morning."
are popular places to get drinks." La mayoría de jóvenes se quedan
No hay parrillada sin pan con
en su casa los domingos para tener
chorizo y hot dog.
un domingo familiar. "Most young people stay at home
"It’s not a barbecue without bread with chorizo and hot dogs."
on Sundays for a family Sunday." Es mejor ir de compras a un centro
El cliente está yendo de compras en
comercial donde se encuentran
el supermercado.
tiendas de ropa como de comida y electrodomésticos.
"The customer is shopping at the supermarket."
"It’s best to shop at a mall where you can find all types of stores like clothing stores, supermarkets, and electronic appliances."
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1. Barbecue
In Peru, barbecues are mostly popular on holidays or for birthdays. Usually meat, chicken, corn, potatoes, chorizo, and hotdogs are grilled. 2. Family Sunday
Usually in Peru, Sundays are when people stay at home with the family, and spend time together by watching a movie, eating lunch, or going to church. 3. Shopping
Shopping is popular among Peruvian women as a way to get together with friends and have fun. 4. Going for Drinks
Going for drinks is popular among young people, and they usually go to someone's house, a bar, or even just drink on the street. Beer is the most common drink because it's cheap, rum and coke is the second most popular, and then Pisco. 5. Futsal
Futsal is like football but in a smaller pitch made of concrete. It's played in teams of five and is usually between friends. It's tradition for the losing team to buy a case of beer for the winning team.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #15 Tourist Attractions and Places
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 4
Peruvian Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
#
15
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian tourist attractions and places?
2.
1. Machu Picchu
3.
2. Lago Titicaca
4.
3. Líneas de Nazca
5.
4. Chan Chan
6.
5. Parque Nacional del Manú
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five popular Peruvian tourist attractions and places?
2.
1. Machu Picchu
3.
2. Titicaca lake
4.
3. Nazca lines
5.
4. Chan Chan
6.
5. Manú National Park
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Lago Titicaca
Titicaca lake
noun
Líneas de Nazca
Nazca lines
noun
Chan Chan
Chan Chan
noun
Parque Nacional del Manu
Manu National Park
noun
Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu (Incan ruins)
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES El Lago Titicaca se comparte entre
Algunas personas creen que las
Bolivia y Perú.
Líneas de Nazca fueron dibujadas
"Titicaca lake is shared between Bolivia and Peru."
por seres fuera de este planeta. "Some people believe that the Nazca Lines were drawn by beings from another planet."
La ciudad de Chan chan se
Investigadores piensan que en las
encuentra actualmente en peligro
partes vírgenes del Parque
por las fuertes lluvias y temblores
Nacional de Manu se halla 'la
que sacuden a la zona.
ciudad perdida de los Incas'.
"The city of Chan Chan is currently
"Researchers believe that the 'Lost
threatened by heavy rains and
City of the Incas' is located in the
quakes that cause problems for the
untouched parts of Manu National
area."
Park."
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Hiram Bingham, fue el investigador
¿Fuiste a Machu Picchu cuando
que hizo conocer al mundo la
estabas en Perú?
existencia de Machu Picchu. "Hiram Bingham was the researcher
"Did you go to Machu Picchu when you were in Peru?"
who made Machu Picchu famous around the world."
CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu is the most famous tourist attraction in Peru. It's located in the province of Cusco and is also one of the seven wonders of the world. It was built by the Incas and never found by the Spanish during their conquest. The ruins are of great importance because they remain relatively intact. 2. Titicaca Lake
Titicaca Lake is the largest in South America and it's called the highest navigable lake in the world with a surface elevation of 3,812 meters. It's famous for the Uros Islands, which are located on the lake. The Uros Islands are forty-four artificial islands made of floating reeds, or totora, that are home of traditional families of the zone. 3. Nazca lines
The Nazca lines are a series of designs drawn in the ground in the Nazca Desert, and named so after the ancient Nazca Culture. Figures like hummingbirds, spiders, monkeys, fish, sharks,
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orcas, and lizards can be seen in the drawings in the desert from a plane. 4. Chan Chan
Chan Chan is a pre-Columbian city. It's the largest in South America and the largest city made of adobe in the world. Located in the current day division of Trujillo, Chan Chan was built by the kingdom of Chimú, which was conquered by the Inca Empire. 5. Manú National Park
Manu National Park is a protected area located in Madre de Dios and is the largest national park in Peru. It has one of highest levels of biodiversity of any park in the world with more than 15,000 species of plants, up to 250 varieties of trees, and over 1,000 species of birds.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #16 Common household items
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
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COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
What are five common household items?
2.
1. imágenes religiosas
3.
2. balón de gas
4.
3. bidón de agua
5.
4. mortero
6.
5. prensa papa
ENGLISH 1.
What are five common household items?
2.
1. religious images
3.
2. gas tank
4.
3. water container
5.
4. mortar and pestle
6.
5. potato masher
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imágenes religiosas
religious images
noun
balón de gas
gas tank
noun
bidón de agua
water container
noun
mortero
mortar and pestle
noun
prensa papa
potato masher
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES La imagen religiosa más común es
El balón de gas es instalado por un
el "Sagrado corazón de Jesús".
especialista que viene a casa.
"The most common religious image
"The gas tank is installed by a
is the ‘Sacred Heart of Jesus’."
specialist who comes to your house."
El bidón de agua se encuentra en
El mortero que mi mamá usa era de
un dispensador en la cocina.
mi bisabuela.
"The water container is in a
"The mortar that my mom uses was
dispenser in the kitchen."
my great-grandmother's."
El prensa papa es de acero. "The potato masher is made of steel."
CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. Religious images
In Peru, more than eighty percent of the population is Catholic, which is why Peruvian houses usually have at least one religious image. This religious image could be of Jesus, the Virgin
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Mary, or a Saint. 2. Gas tank
It's common in Peru to use gas stoves, but since gas tubes are not yet that common Peruvians use gas tanks. These gas tanks are delivered to homes by gas companies. 3. Water container
In Peru, drinking tap water is not that safe so usually Peruvians buy containers of clean, safe water. This water container is usually twenty liters. 4. Mortar and pestle
Even though they sell mortar and pestle kitchen appliances in Peru, in some Peruvian homes a more traditional type made of rock is used. The more traditional ones are usually passed down through the family. 5. Potato masher
A potato masher is used when making mashed potatoes. In Peru, mashed potatoes are always made from scratch using raw potatoes.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #17 Commonly Used Medicines and Drugs
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
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COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
What are the five commonly used medicines and drugs in Peru?
2.
1. Panadol
3.
2. Apronax
4.
3. Aspirina
5.
4. Diazepam
6.
5. Ponstan
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five commonly used medicines and drugs in Peru?
2.
1. Panadol, a medicine used to treat fever
3.
2. Apronax, a medicine used to treat pain
4.
3. Aspirin
5.
4. Diazepam, a medicine used to treat anxiety
6.
5. Ponstan, a medicine used to treat menstrual pain
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Panadol, a medicine used to
Panadol
treat fever
Apronax
Apronax, a medicine used to treat pain
noun
Aspirin
noun
Aspirina Diazepam
Ponstan
noun
Diazepam, a medicine used to treat anxiety Ponstan, a medicine used to treat menstrual pain
noun
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES Panadol también tiene una versión
Algunas personas usan Apronax
con el mismo nombre para curar el
para el dolor de garganta.
malestar de la gripe. "Panadol also has another pill under
"Some people use Apronax for a sore throat."
the same name to cure discomforts of the flu." La Aspirina también es usada por
El diazepam es vendido sólo con
personas con problemas
receta médica.
cardiovasculares. "Aspirin is also used by people with
"Diazepam is sold only by prescription."
cardiovascular problems." Ponstan es la marca de medicina más usada por mujeres peruanas para calmar el dolor menstrual. "Ponstan is the brand most used by Peruvian women to relieve menstrual pain."
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1. Panadol Panadol is the most common medicine used for fever. 2. Apronax Apronax is the most common medicine for treating muscular pain and inflammation. 3. Aspirin Aspirin is the most common medicine for headaches. 4. Diazepam Diazepam is the most common medicine used to treat anxiety, panic attacks, insomnia, and more. 5. Ponstan Ponstan is the most common medicine used to treat menstrual pain. It comes in a package of small yellow pills.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #18 Modes of Transportation
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COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
What are the five common modes of transportation in Peru?
2.
1. micro
3.
2. tren
4.
3. taxi
5.
4. taxi colectivo
6.
5. combi
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five common modes of transportation in Peru?
2.
1. bus
3.
2. train
4.
3. taxi
5.
4. shared taxi
6.
5. combi, a small bus
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taxi colectivo
shared taxi
noun
combi
combi, a small bus
noun
tren
train
noun
micro
bus
noun
taxi
taxi
noun
masculine
masculine
SAMPLE SENTENCES Si no conoces la zona, es mejor
Es mejor tomar un micro que una
tomar un taxi y no un taxi colectivo.
combi.
"If you don’t know the area, it’s best
"It’s better to take a regular bus
to take a taxi and not a shared taxi."
than a combi."
Debido a problemas económicos en
La viajera espera el tren.
el país la construcción del tren fue detenida por 20 años y finalizada en
"The traveler waits for the train."
el 2011. "Due to economic problems in the country, the construction of the train was suspended for 20 years and completed in 2011." Espera en la plataforma hasta que
Para parar a un micro en Perú se
el tren se pare completamente.
tiene que estirar la mano en la calle.
"Wait on the platform until the train
"In order to stop a bus in Peru, one
comes to a complete stop."
has to stretch out his hand in the street."
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En Perú no se toman taxis desconocidos de noche.
Debemos tomar el siguiente taxi. "We should take the next taxi."
"In Peru, don’t take unknown taxis at night."
CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. bus Buses in Peru work a bit differently compared to other countries. They have established routes, but can stop anywhere along the way to pick up a passenger. However, in recent years things have been changing slowly, and more people are respecting the bus stops. 2. train Public trains in Peru are a new type of transportation. There is only one line in the capital of Lima that began operation in 2011. The Lima Metro goes from downtown Lima to the district of Villa el Salvador. 3. taxi In Peru, taxis usually have to be yellow, but you can find a lot of taxis of other colors. Yellow taxis are safer, however, because it means they are registered. 4. shared taxi Shared taxis are common in places where buses don't go. They are cheaper than regular taxis and have established routes. 5. combi Small buses called combi operate as public buses. They’re known for travelling faster than buses, but unfortunately, because of this, they’re not as safe.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #19 Shops and Services in Town
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 4
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COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
What are the five common shops and services in Peruvian towns?
2.
1. bodega
3.
2. galería
4.
3. centro comercial
5.
4. mercado
6.
5. supermercado
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five common shops and services in Peruvian towns?
2.
1. mini market
3.
2. gallery
4.
3. mall
5.
4. market
6.
5. supermarket
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mercado
market
noun
galería
gallery
noun
supermercado
supermarket
noun
bodega
mini market
noun
centro comercial
mall
noun
masculine
masculine
masculine
SAMPLE SENTENCES Los puestos del mercado son alquilados a vendedores minoristas por el municipio distrital.
El mercado está allá. "The market is over there."
"The market stalls are leased to retailers by the district municipality." En las galerías puedes encontrar de
La preferencia por los
todo un poco.
supermercados han reducido la
"In the galleries you can find a little of everything."
venta en los mercados distritales. "The preference for supermarkets has reduced sales in district markets."
El cliente está yendo de compras en
Las bodegas fían abarrotes,
el supermercado.
verduras, bebidas o dulces a sus
"The customer is shopping at the supermarket."
clientes frecuentes. "Mini markets offer groceries, vegetables, beverages, or candy to frequent customers."
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Las familias acostumbran salir a pasear los domingos al centro comercial. "Families usually go for a walk at the mall on Sundays."
CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. mini market Mini markets are the common stores located around the corner where you can find a little bit of everything. 2. gallery A gallery in Peru is a group of small stores that usually sell clothes and shoes. These small stores most of the time specialize in one type of item such as dresses, suits, handicrafts, etc. 3. mall Malls in Peru are where all chain stores are put together under the same roof. It’s also where Peruvians prefer to go out to meet friends. 4. market The market is a traditional place where you can go grocery shopping, and it’s full of stands where people sell various items. It’s usually divided into different sections of vegetables, fruits, meat and fish. 5. supermarket Nowadays, supermarkets are the more common option for grocery shopping in Peru. Along with groceries, they also sell electronics, appliances, and stationery accessories.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #20 Popular Chain Stores
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
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COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
What are the five popular chain stores in Peru?
2.
1. Wong
3.
2. Bembos
4.
3. Rosatel
5.
4. Ripley
6.
5. Pasquale Hnos.
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five popular chain stores in Peru?
2.
1. Wong, a supermarket chain
3.
2. Bembos, a fast food restaurant chain
4.
3. Rosatel, a famous flower shop
5.
4. Ripley, a major department store
6.
5. Pasquale Brothers, a fast food restaurant chain
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Wong
Wong, a supermarket chain Bembos, a fast food
Bembos
restaurant chain Rosatel, a famous flower
Rosatel
shop Ripley, a major department
Ripley
store Pasquale Brothers, a fast
Pasquale Hnos.
food restaurant chain
noun noun
noun
noun
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES Wong es más popular en la ciudad
La hamburguesa clásica en
de Lima y Metro en las zonas más
Bembos se llama Bembona.
alejadas.
"The classic burger at Bembos is
"Wong is more popular in the city of
called ‘Bembona’"
Lima, whereas Metro is popular in the more remote areas." Todas las mujeres peruanas
La tarjeta de crédito Ripley es
desean recibir rosas de Rosatel en
aceptada en casi todos los
el día de San Valentín.
establecimientos en Perú.
"All Peruvian women wish to receive
"The Ripley credit card is accepted
Rosatel roses on Valentine's day."
in almost all stores in Peru."
Pasquale Hnos. es famosa por sus yucas fritas. "Pasquale Brothers is famous for its fried cassava."
CULTURAL INSIGHT
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1. Wong Wong is the largest supermarket in Peru, known for its good customer service. The Wong Group also owns a chain of supermarkets called “Metro”. 2. Bembos Bembos is a Peruvian fast food restaurant chain that offers hamburgers with a traditional Peruvian flavor. In Peru, Bembos is more popular than McDonald’s. 3. Rosatel Rosatel is a flower shop in Peru, famous for their home delivery and online services. 4. Ripley Ripley is a major department store that sells all kinds of goods. It’s better known for selling the highest brands of clothing and bringing a variety of these brands under one roof. Ripley has also recently started offering banking and travel services. 5. Pasquale Brothers Pasquale Brothers is a fast food chain founded by Peruvian chef Gastón Acurio. The restaurant is based in Lima city and has traditional Peruvian sandwiches, drinks, and desserts.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #21 Traditional Clothing
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COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
What are the five common items of Peruvian traditional clothing?
2.
1. chullo
3.
2. ojota
4.
3. pollera
5.
4. poncho
6.
5. k'eperina
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five common items of Peruvian traditional clothing?
2.
1. chullo, a traditional hat
3.
2. ojota, a type of sandal
4.
3. pollera, a skirt
5.
4. poncho, a blanket worn on the body
6.
5. k'eperina, a blanket worn on one's back
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ojota, a type of
ojota pollera
poncho
k'eperina
sandal
noun
pollera, a skirt
noun
poncho, a blanket worn on the body k'eperina, a blanket
noun
worn on one's back
noun
wool hat
noun
chullo
masculine
SAMPLE SENTENCES Las ojotas son usadas por los
En ocaciones especiales, algunas
campesinos de la sierra central del
mujeres de los andes usan hasta 15
Perú.
polleras.
"Ojota are used by the farmers of
"On special occasions, women from
the central highlands of Peru."
the Andes can wear up to fifteen polleras."
El poncho es una prenda común
Generalmente, son solo las mujeres
entre los hombres de la sierra
las que usan k'eperina.
central del Perú.
"It’s usually women who use
"The poncho is a common item
k'eperina."
among men in the central highlands of Peru." Los chullos tienen usualmente
Hay nieve afuera, mejor me pongo
diseños de animales.
mi chullo.
"Chullos usually have animal
"There's snow outside, I'd better put
designs on them."
my wool hat on."
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1. chullo, a traditional hat Chullo is a traditional hat of the Andean people. It has earflaps and is made of vicuña, alpaca, or llama wool. 2. ojota, a type of sandal Ojota are sandals made of recycled tires worn by men and women of the rural Andean areas. These are inexpensive to make and they last for a long time. 3. pollera, a skirt Pollera is a colorful skirt worn by Andean women. It’s worn with three or four underskirts to give women a round, full look. 4. poncho, a blanket worn on the body A poncho is a blanket made of wool with a hole in the middle. It’s used by the Andean people to cover and protect themselves from rain and to keep the body warm. 5. k'eperina, a blanket worn on one's back The k'eperina is a large, rectangular blanket worn on one's back and is knotted in front to carry goods or it can also carry children.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #22 Natural Disasters
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 4
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COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
What are the five common natural disasters in Peru?
2.
1. temblor
3.
2. terremoto
4.
3. huayco
5.
4. helada
6.
5. inundación
ENGLISH 1.
What are the five common natural disasters in Peru?
2.
1. tremor
3.
2. earthquake
4.
3. landslide
5.
4. frost
6.
5. flood
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helada
frost
noun
terremoto
earthquake
noun
masculine
inundación
flood
noun
feminine
temblor
tremor
noun
huayco
landslide
noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES Los más afectados por las heladas
La ciudad de Lima tiene altas
son los agricultores pequeños que
probabilidades de que ocurra un
no cuentan con la technologia o
terremoto pronto.
dinero necesario para proteger sus tierras.
"There’s a high probability of the city of Lima having an earthquake soon."
"Those most affected by frost are the farmers with smaller fields who do not have the money or technology to protect their lands." El terremoto sacude el suelo. "The earthquake is shaking the ground."
El departamento con más inundaciones en el Perú es Iquitos. "The area with the most floods in Peru is Iquitos."
El jeep se está impulsando a través
El Perú esta ubicado en una area
de la inundación.
de temblores.
"The jeep is pushing through the
"Peru is located in an area that is
flood."
prone to tremors."
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Todos los años muchas familias humildes de la sierra del Perú son afectadas por los huaycos. "Every year, thousands of poor families from the highlands of Peru are affected by landslides."
CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. tremor This refers to minor earthquakes that are not strong enough to cause any damage. 2. earthquake Peru is located in a seismic zone. The last strong earthquake was in 2007 in the cities of Ica and Pisco, with a magnitude of 7.9 on the Richter scale. 3. landslide During the rainy season in the highlands of Peru, landslides are very frequent. They can obstruct roads and also destroy small towns. 4. frost Frost only occurs in the highlands of Peru, destroying agricultural lands and leaving some families without crops. 5. flood During the rainy season, heavy rain in jungle areas causes the rivers to overflow, which leads to flooding that destroys houses and towns.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #23 Musicians
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COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
Who are the five well-known Peruvian musicians?
2.
1. Chabuca Granda
3.
2. Eva Ayllón
4.
3. Gian Marco Zignago
5.
4. Juan Diego Flórez
6.
5. Pedro Suárez Vértiz
ENGLISH 1.
Who are the five well-known Peruvian musicians?
2.
1. Chabuca Granda, a singer and composer of criolla music
3.
2. Eva Ayllón, a singer and composer of Afro-Peruvian music
4.
3. Gian Marco Zignago, a singer and pop music songwriter
5.
4. Juan Diego Flórez, an opera singer
6.
5. Pedro Suárez Vértiz, a singer, songwriter and rock music guitarist
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Chabuca Granda, a singer and composer of
Chabuca Granda
criolla music Eva Ayllón, a singer and composer of Afro-
Eva Ayllón
Peruvian music Gian Marco Zignago, a singer and pop
Gian Marco Zignago
music songwriter
Juan Diego Flórez
Juan Diego Flórez, an opera singer Pedro Suárez Vértiz, a singer, songwriter
Pedro Suárez Vértiz
and rock music guitarist
SAMPLE SENTENCES Chabuca Granda le dio poesía a la
Eva Ayllón es un símbolo mundial
música criolla.
de la música peruana.
"Chabuca Granda used poetry in
"Eva Ayllon is a worldwide symbol of
criolla music."
Peruvian music."
Gian Marco Zignago es embajador
Juan Diego Flórez ha sido premiado
de buena voluntad por UNICEF.
con el reconocimiento máximo que
"Gian Marco Zignago is a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in Peru."
existe en el Perú, La Gran Cruz de la Orden El Sol del Perú. "Juan Diego Flórez has been recognized with the highest honor in Peru, La Gran Cruz de la Orden El Sol del Perú."
A pesar de su apariencia bohemia, Pedro Suárez Vértiz es conocido más por su gran caridad e inusual personalidad. "Despite his bohemian appearance, Pedro Suarez Vertiz is known more for his great charity and unusual personality."
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CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. Chabuca Granda, a singer and composer of criolla music Chabuca Granda was a Peruvian singer and composer of criolla music. Her most famous song is called "The Cinnamon Flower". 2. Eva Ayllón, a singer and composer of Afro-Peruvian music Eva Ayllón is a Peruvian singer and composer of Afro-Peruvian music. She is a living legend of Peruvian music and culture with famous songs like "In love with my country" and "Take your hands". 3. Gian Marco Zignago, a singer and pop music songwriter Gian Marco Zignago is a Peruvian singer and pop music songwriter. He has won the Latin Grammy Award for best songwriter three times. 4. Juan Diego Flórez, an opera singer Juan Diego Flórez is a Peruvian opera singer. In 2000, Italian critics selected him as the best singer of the year at the Premio Abbiati awards. 5. Pedro Suárez Vértiz, a singer, songwriter and rock music guitarist Pedro Suárez Vértiz is a Peruvian singer, songwriter, and rock guitarist. He has produced many great singles over the years that are famous in the country, and he won the Proudly Latin 2004 award.
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #24 Writers
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Peruvian Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
#
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PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
Who are the five well-known writers in Peru?
2.
1. Alfredo Bryce Echenique
3.
2. César Vallejo
4.
3. Ricardo Palma
5.
4. Julio Ramón Ribeyro
6.
5. Mario Vargas Llosa
ENGLISH 1.
Who are the five well-known writers in Peru?
2.
1. Alfredo Bryce Echenique, a writer
3.
2. César Vallejo, a poet, writer, playwright, and journalist
4.
3. Ricardo Palma, an author, scholar, and politician
5.
4. Julio Ramón Ribeyro, a writer well-known for his short stories
6.
5. Mario Vargas Llosa, a novelist, politician and journalist
VOCABULARY S panish
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CULT URE CLAS S : ES S ENT I AL PERUVI AN S PANI S H VOCABULARY #24 - WRI T ERS
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Alfredo Bryce Echenique
Alfredo Bryce Echenique, a writer César Vallejo, a poet, writer, playwright, and
César Vallejo
journalist Ricardo Palma, an author, scholar, and
Ricardo Palma
politician Julio Ramón Ribeyro, a writer well-known
Julio Ramón Ribeyro
for his short stories Mario Vargas Llosa, a novelist, politician
Mario Vargas Llosa
and journalist
SAMPLE SENTENCES La novela "El huerto de mi amada"
"Paco Yunque" de César Vallejo es
de Alfredo Bryce Echenique, ha sido
su cuento más famoso.
una de sus ultimas novelas con mayor reconocimiento.
"‘Paco Yunque’ is the most famous story by César Vallejo."
"The novel ‘El huerto de mi amada’ by Alfredo Bryce Echenique, is one of his latest novels with more recognition." La literatura de Ricardo Palma es
Los cuentos de Julio Ramón
un género intermedio entre el relato
Ribeyro son pesimistas pero al
y la crónica.
mismo tiempo comicos.
"Ricardo Palma literature is a genre
"The stories of Julio Ramon Ribeyro
halfway between narratives and
are pessimistic but, at the same
chronicles."
time, comical."
Mario Vargas Llosa fue candidato a la presidencia del Perú in 1990. "Mario Vargas Llosa ran for president of Peru in 1990."
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CULTURAL INSIGHT 1. Alfredo Bryce Echenique, a writer Alfredo Bryce Echenique is a Peruvian writer known for his novel called "A world for Julius". 2. César Vallejo, a poet, writer, playwright, and journalist César Vallejo was a Peruvian poet, writer, playwright, and journalist. He is considered one of the best poets of the twentieth century of any language with his books "Los Heraldos Negros" and "Trilce". 3. Ricardo Palma, an author, scholar, and politician Ricardo Palma was a Peruvian writer best known for his book called "Tradiciones Peruanas". After the War of the Pacific, Ricardo Palma was appointed director of the National Library and took on the task of rebuilding it, as it had been ransacked by the occupation forces of the Chilean army in 1881. 4. Julio Ramón Ribeyro, a writer well-known for his short stories Julio Ramón Ribeyro was a Peruvian writer known for his short stories. A collection of his stories was published in the book named "The Word of the Mute". 5. Mario Vargas Llosa, a novelist, politician and journalist Mario Vargas Llosa is a Peruvian novelist, politician, and journalist who won the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature. Some of his novels are "The Time of the Hero", "The Green House" and "Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter".
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LESSON NOTES
Culture Class: Essential Peruvian Spanish Vocabulary #25 Historical Figures
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 3
Peruvian Spanish English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Cultural Insight
#
25
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PERUVIAN SPANISH 1.
Who are the five well-known historical figures in Peru?
2.
1. Francisco Pizarro
3.
2. José de San Martín
4.
3. Miguel Grau
5.
4. Simón Bolívar
6.
5. Túpac Amaru II
ENGLISH 1.
Who are the five well-known historical figures in Peru?
2.
1. Francisco Pizarro, a Spanish conquistador
3.
2. José de San Martín, an Argentinian general
4.
3. Miguel Grau, a naval officer
5.
4. Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan military leader
6.
5. Túpac Amaru II, a military leader
VOCABULARY S panish
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Francisco Pizarro
Francisco Pizarro, a Spanish conquistador
José de San Martín
José de San Martín, an Argentinian general
Miguel Grau
Miguel Grau, a naval officer
Simón Bolívar
Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan military leader
Túpac Amaru II
Túpac Amaru II, a military leader
SAMPLE SENTENCES Francisco Pizarro uso al Inca
Los colores de la bandera del Perú
Atahualpa para adueñarse del oro
fueron elegidos por José de San
peruano.
Martín.
"Francisco Pizarro used the Incan
"The Peruvian flag colors were
emperor, Atahualpa, to seize
chosen by José de San Martín."
Peruvian gold." Miguel Grau es conocido como el
Simón Bolívar fue el lider de la
Caballero de los mares.
Batalla de Junín, una de las últimas
"Miguel Grau is known as the ‘Gentleman of the Seas’."
batallas que llevo a la independencia del Perú. "Simón Bolívar was the leader of the Battle of Junin, one of the last battles that led to Peruvian independence."
Túpac Amaru II afirmaba ser el último descendiente de los incas. "Túpac Amaru II claimed to be the last descendant of the Incas."
CULTURAL INSIGHT
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1. Francisco Pizarro, a Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire and captured the Incan emperor, Atahualpa, in the battle of Cajamarca. 2. José de San Martín, an Argentinian general José de San Martín was an Argentinian general who declared Peruvian independence on July 28, 1821. 3. Miguel Grau, a naval officer Miguel Grau was a naval officer and hero of the battle of Angamos during the War of the Pacific which was from 1879 to 1884. 4. Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan military leader Simón Bolívar was a Venezuelan hero, revolutionary, and key player in the struggle for independence of Peru from the Spanish Empire. 5. Túpac Amaru II, a military leader Túpac Amaru II was an inspirational leader for indigenous rights throughout the Peruvian struggle for independence. He fought and died against the Spanish in Peru and died in the hands of Francisco Pizarro.
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Introduction
13
Sports
1
National Holidays
14
Recreational Activities
2
Foods
15
Tourist Attractions and Places
3
Beverages
16
Common household items
4
Popular Home-cooked Meals
17
Commonly Used Medicines and Drugs
5
Sweets and Desserts
18
Modes of Transportation
6
Fruits
19
Shops and Services in Town
7
Vegetables
20
Popular Chain Stores
8
Pop and Traditional Culture
21
Traditional Clothing
9
Animals
22
Natural Disasters
10
Plants
23
Musicians
11
Geographical Features
24
Writers
12
Cities
25
Historical Figures
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