Spanish 1 Grammar Flipbook This will be a quiz grade. You will be expected to keep it for Spanish 2 and have it with you the first week (for ANOTHER quiz grade)
You will need 5 sheets of blank paper. Follow my instructions for folding the pages. If you can’t do it, ask your partner to help you. 5 sheets of paper = 10 flaps
Number each flap 1- 10, starting with the top page. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Label each numbered flap:
1
1. Spanish 1 Grammar
2
2. Interrogatives
3
3. Regular Conjugation & Subject Pronouns
4
4. DOP & IOP
5
5. Ser V Estar
6
6. 2 Verb Phrases 7. Special Verb Phrases 8. Reflexive Verbs 9. Stem Changing Verbs 10. Irregular Verbs
7 8 9 10
Page 2: Interrogatives List the 8 question words in Spanish and English. Make sure to spell and accent them properly.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Qué Dónde Quién Cuándo Por qué Cómo Cuántos Cuál
What? Where? Who? When? Why? How? How many? Which?
Page 3: Regular Conjugation On the bottom page, write the AR, ER, and IR verb ending
charts Write the subject pronouns (in English too, only if you need it) Define “INFINITIVE” - AR verb endings -ER verb endings -IR verb endings -Subject Pronouns o
amos
emos
es
as a
o
an
e
o
imos
es en
e
en
yo
Nosotros/ nosotras
Tú Él, ella, Ellos, ellas, Ud. Uds
INFINITIVE: The “to” form of a verb. In Spanish, they end in AR, ER, or IR
Page 3: Regular Conjugation On the top page, conjugate an AR, ER, and IR
verb Hablar – to speak
Comer – to eat
Vivir – to live
Page 4 DOP & IOP, bottom page Divide the page in half, top to bottom
Left Side • DOP – Direct Object Pronoun • Receives the action of the verb • “IT/THEM” • Goes before the verb
me te lo, la
nos los, las
Right Side • IOP – Indirect Object Pronoun • “TO/FOR” someone • goes before the verb
me te le
nos les
Page 4 DOP & IOP, top page • DOP – Example:
• IOP – Example
• ¿Quién tiene los gatos? • Yo le doy el libro a • Sra Clark los tiene. Ana.
Page 5: Ser V Estar Divide the top and bottom page Ser
Estar
Ser
Page 5, top: Ser SER – to be
Soy Eres Es
Somos Son
Rules for Usage 1. Identity of a noun (ownership, profession) 2. Origin/nationality/race 3. Time/date 4. Characteristics (body type, personality)
Page 5, bottom: Estar ESTAR – to be
Estoy Estás Está
Estar
Estamos Están
Rules for Usage 1. Present progressive ( “ing”) 2. Location 3. Condition (mood, feeling, health, appearance, taste)
Page 6: 2 Verb Phrases At the very
verb phrase:
bottom of the page write the steps for making a 2
Step 1: Conjugate Verb #1 Step 2: Verb #2 in the infinitive (infinitive = -AR/ER/IR form of the verb)
Step 1: … Step 2: . . . 5. 2 Verb Phrases
Page 6: 2 Verb Phrases Then divide the rest of your full page (top and bottom) into 5 sections. Poder + inf Querer + inf 1. 2. 3. 4.
Saber + inf Necesitar + inf Decidir + inf In each section write: The phrase in Spanish & English Conjugate Verb #1 Write Verb #2 in the infinitive An example sentence in Spanish Poder + INF = To be able to/can __ Puedo
Podemos
Puedes Puede pueden Ella puede nadar.
Step 1: … Step 2: . . .
5. 2 Verb Phrases
Page 6: Should look like this: Saber + INF = To know (how) to __
necesitar+ INF = To need to __
Sabemos
Sé Sabes Sabe
Saben
Necesito Necesitas Necesita
Irr YO
Poder + INF = To be able to/can __ o-ue Podemos
Decidimos
Decides deciden
necesitan
Ellos deciden dormir.
Querer + INF = To want to __ e-ie Quiero
Queremos
Quieres
Puedes Puede
Decido
Decide
Tú necesitas estudiar
Yo sé manejar.
Puedo
Necesitam os
Decidir+ INF = To decide to __
pueden
Ella puede nadar.
Quiere
Quieren
Ella quiere correr.
Step 1: Conjugate verb #1 Step 2: Write Verb #2 in the infinitive (-ar/er/ir form) 5. 2 Verb Phrases
• Poder + inf • Querer + inf • Saber + inf • Necesitar + inf • Decidir + inf
In each section, write: 1. The phrase in Span & English 2. Conjugate Verb #1 3. An example sentence in Spanish
Page 7: Special Verb Phrases Divide the full page (top and bottom) into 4 sections.
6. Special Verb Phrases
Page 7: Special Verb Phrases Top left section Ir + A + INF = To be going to __ Conjugate ir (irregular verb) Write an example sentence. Ir + A + Inf = to be going to __ Voy
Vamos
Vas Va
van
Voy a limpiar la casa.
6. Special Verb Phrases
Page 7: Special Verb Phrases Top Right section Tratar de + Inf = To try to ___ Conjugate tratar Write an example sentence. Tratar de + inf = to try to __ Trato
Tratamos
Tratas Trata
tratan
Tú tratas de cocinar.
6. Special Verb Phrases
Page7: Special Verb Phrases Bottom left section Tener que+ Inf = To have to ___ Conjugate tener (irr yo, boot verb) Write an example sentence. Tener que + inf = To have to __ Tengo
Tenemos
Tienes Tiene
Tienen
Ellos tienen que estudiar.
6. Special Verb Phrases
Page 7: Special Verb Phrases Bottom right section Present Progressive = “-ing” Steps:
1. Conjugate Estar 2. Drop ending from verb #2 3. Add –ando/iendo to verb #2 2 examples
Present Progressive = “-ing” Steps: 1. Conjugate Estar Special Verb Phrases 2. Drop ending from verb6.#2 3. Add –ando/iendo to verb #2 Estoy
Estamos
Estás Está
Están
Ella está gritando. Nosotros estamos corriendo
Page 8: Reflexive verbs, bottom page Reflexive verbs= verbs done to/for oneself 1. choose the correct reflexive pronoun (required!!) Me Nos Te Se Se 2. Conjugate the verb normally. (The subject pronoun goes BEFORE the reflexive pronoun, but not required) Yo me lavo
Nosotros nos lavamos
Tú te lavas Ella se lava
Ellos se lavan
Page 8: Reflexive verbs, top page • List all the reflexive verbs we know in Spanish & English.
• levantarse – to stand up • sentarse (e – ie) – to sit down • pegarse – to hit oneself • reírse (e – i) – to laugh • romperse – to break oneself • llamarse – to call oneself • subirse – to get on/go up • despertarse (e – ie) – to wake up • dormirse (o – ue) – to fall asleep
• enojarse – to get angry • quitarse – to take off (oneself) • ponerse –to put on (oneself) • probarse (o > ue) – to try on (oneself) • lavarse – to wash (oneself) • ensuciarse – to get dirty (to dirty oneself)
Page 9: Stem Changing verbs, bottom page • Stem changing/boot verbs = Have a spelling change for all
subjects but nosotros/nosotras • - Spelling changes: o-ue, e-ie, e-i • Examples: • Dormir (o-ue) – to sleep
Duermo
Dormimos
Duermes Duerme
cerrar (e-ie) – to close Cierro
Cerramos
Cierras duermen
Cierra
pedir (e-i) – to ask Pido
Pedimos
Pides Cierran
Pide
*jugar (u-ue) Juego
Jugamos
Juegas Piden
Juega
Juegan
Page 9: Stem changing verbs, top page e-ie verbs Cerrar – to close Despertarse – to wake
up
e-i verbs Conseguir (go verb) to get/obtain
Decir – to say/tell
Perder – to lose
Pedir – to ask for/order
Pensar – to think
Reír – to laugh
Querer – to want
Sonreír – to smile
o-ue verbs Contar – to count Dormir – to sleep Encontrar – to find Poder – to be able/can Probarse – to try on Recordar – to remember
Tener (go verb) – to have
Soltar – to drop
Venir (go verb) – to
Volar – to fly
come
Jugar – the only u-ue verb To play
Volver – to return
Page 10: Irregular verbs, bottom page Conjugate the following verbs(write the infinitive in Spanish & English) Go verbs: hacer, poner, tener (e-ie), venir (e-ie), conseguir (e-i), decir
(e-i), salir Zco verbs: conducir, conocer
GO verbs
Venir (e-ie) to come
Hacer – to make/do Hago
hacemos
Haces hace
hacen
Ponemos
vienen
Conseguir (e-i) to get/obtain Consigo
ponen
Consigue
Salgo
Salimos
Sales
Conseguimos
Consigues
Pones Pone
Venimos
Vienes Viene
Poner – to put/place Pongo
Vengo
Salir to leave
Sale
salen ZCO verbs
Conducir – to drive Conduzco
Conducimos
Conduces consiguen
Conduce
Conducen
Tener (e-ie) to have Decir (e-i) to say/tell Conocer – to meet/know Tengo
Tenemos
Tienes Tiene
Digo
Decimos
Dice
Conocemos
Conoces
Dices tienen
Conozco
Dicen
Conoce
conocen
Page 10: Irregular verbs, top page Conjugate the following verbs(write the infinitive in Spanish & English) Ir, Ser, Dar, Ver, Estar, Oír, Saber Ver – to see
Ir – to go Voy
Vamos
Vas Va
Van Somos
Eres Es
Son
Damos
Das Da
Ve
Ven
Estar – to be Estoy
Está
Estamos
Están
Oír – to hear Oigo
Oímos
Oyes Dan
Oye
Sé
Sabemos
Sabes
Estás
Dar – to give Doy
Vemos
Ves
ser– to be Soy
Veo
Saber – to know (facts)
Oyen
Sabe
Saben
